麒麟v10 上部署 TiDB v5.1.2 生产环境优化实践
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2023-07-06
CentOS如何编译安装Nginx+MySQL+PHP
一、配置防火墙,开启80端口、3306端口
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑防火墙配置文件# firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall# manual customization of this file is not recommended.*filter:input accept [0:0]:forward accept [0:0]:output accept [0:0]-a input -m state --state established,related -j accept-a input -p icmp -j accept-a input -i lo -j accept-a input -m state --state new -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j accept-a input -m state --state new -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j accept-a input -m state --state new -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j accept-a input -j reject --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited-a forward -j reject --reject-with icmp-host-prohibitedcommit:wq! #保存退出登录后复制
service iptables restart #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
二、关闭selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config#selinux=enforcing #注释掉#selinuxtype=targeted #注释掉selinux=disabled #增加:wq! #保存退出setenforce 0 #使配置立即生效登录后复制
三 、系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置:/usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置:/usr/local/软件名字
四、下载软件包
1、下载nginx
http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
2、下载mysql
http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.5.52.tar.gz
3、下载php
http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.38.tar.gz
4、下载pcre (支持nginx伪静态)
http://ftp.exim.llorien.org/pcre/pcre-8.39.tar.gz
5、下载openssl(nginx扩展)
http://openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2j.tar.gz
6、下载zlib(nginx扩展)
http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
7、下载cmake(mysql编译工具)
http://cmake.org/files/v3.6/cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
8、下载libmcrypt(php扩展)
http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
9、下载yasm(php扩展)
http://tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
10、t1lib(php扩展)
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/linux/libs/graphics/t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz
11、下载gd库安装包
https://bitbucket.org/libgd/gd-libgd/downloads/libgd-2.1.1.tar.gz
12、libvpx(gd库需要)
https://webm.googlecode.com/files/libvpx-v1.3.0.tar.bz2
13、tiff(gd库需要)
http://download.osgeo.org/libtiff/tiff-4.0.6.tar.gz
14、libpng(gd库需要)
https://sourceforge.net/projects/libpng/files/libpng16/1.6.25/libpng-1.6.25.tar.gz
15、freetype(gd库需要)
http://ftp.twaren.net/unix/nongnu/freetype/freetype-2.7.tar.gz
16、jpegsrc(gd库需要)
http://ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v9b.tar.gz
以上软件包上传到/usr/local/src目录
五、安装编译工具
yum install apr* autoconf automake bison bzip2 bzip2* cloog-ppl compat* cpp curl curl-devel fontconfig fontconfig-devel freetype freetype* freetype-devel gcc gcc-c++ gtk+-devel gd gettext gettext-devel glibc kernel kernel-headers keyutils keyutils-libs-devel krb5-devel libcom_err-devel libpng libpng* libpng-devel libjpeg* libsepol-devel libselinux-devel libstdc++-devel libtool* libgomp libxml2 libxml2-devel libxpm* libx* libtiff libtiff* make mpfr ncurses* ntp openssl nasm nasm* openssl-devel patch pcre-devel perl php-common php-gd policycoreutils ppl telnet t1lib t1lib* wget zlib-devel
安装篇
一、安装mysql
1、安装cmake
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.6.2
./configure
make
make install
2、安装mysql
groupadd mysql #添加mysql组
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组,不允许mysql用户直接登录系统
mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建mysql数据库存放目录
chown -r mysql:mysql /data/mysql #设置mysql数据库目录权限
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #创建mysql安装目录
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.52.tar.gz #解压
cd mysql-5.5.52
cmake . -dcmake_install_prefix=/usr/local/mysql -dmysql_datadir=/data/mysql -dsysconfdir=/etc #配置
make #编译
make install #安装
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件(注意:如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf,直接覆盖即可)
vi /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加
datadir = /data/mysql #添加mysql数据库路径
:wq! #保存退出
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系统数据库
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把mysql加入系统启动
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限
chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #编辑
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #mysql程序安装路径
datadir=/data/mysql #mysql数据库存放目录
:wq! #保存退出
service mysqld start #启动
vi /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量:在最后添加下面这一行
export path=$path:/usr/local/mysql/bin
:wq! #保存退出
source /etc/profile #使配置立即生效
下面是把myslq的库文件链接到系统默认位置,这样在编译类似php等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
mkdir /var/lib/mysql #创建目录
ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #添加软链接
mysql_secure_installation #设置mysql密码,根据提示按y 回车输入2次密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #或者直接修改密码
到此,mysql安装完成!
二、安装nginx
1、安装pcre
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.39
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make
make install
2、安装openssl
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/openssl
tar zxvf openssl-1.0.2j.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.0.2j
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
make
make install
vi /etc/profile
export path=$path:/usr/local/openssl/bin
:wq!
source /etc/profile
3、安装zlib
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/zlib
tar zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
4、安装nginx
cd /usr/local/src
groupadd www
useradd -g www www -s /bin/false
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2j --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.8 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.39
注意:--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2j --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.8 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.39指向的是源码包解压的路径,而不是安装的路径,否则会报错
make
make install
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx
设置nginx开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #编辑启动文件添加下面内容
#!/bin/sh## nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon## chkconfig: - 85 15# description: nginx is an http(s) server, http(s) reverse \# proxy and imap/pop3 proxy server# processname: nginx# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid# source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# check that networking is up.[ "$networking" = "no" ] && exit 0nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"prog=$(basename $nginx)nginx_conf_file="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginxlockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginxmake_dirs() {# make required directoriesuser=`$nginx -v 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; thenuseradd -m -s /bin/nologin $userfioptions=`$nginx -v 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`for opt in $options; doif [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; thenvalue=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then# echo "creating" $valuemkdir -p $value && chown -r $user $valuefifidone}start() {[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5[ -f $nginx_conf_file ] || exit 6make_dirsecho -n $"starting $prog: "daemon $nginx -c $nginx_conf_fileretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfilereturn $retval}stop() {echo -n $"stopping $prog: "killproc $prog -quitretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfilereturn $retval}restart() {#configtest || return $?stopsleep 1start}reload() {#configtest || return $?echo -n $"reloading $prog: "killproc $nginx -hupretval=$?echo}force_reload() {restart}configtest() {$nginx -t -c $nginx_conf_file}rh_status() {status $prog}rh_status_q() {rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1}case "$1" instart)rh_status_q && exit 0$1;;stop)rh_status_q || exit 0$1;;restart|configtest)$1;;reload)rh_status_q || exit 7$1;;force-reload)force_reload;;status)rh_status;;condrestart|try-restart)rh_status_q || exit 0;;*)echo $"usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"exit 2esac登录后复制
:wq! #保存退出
chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限
chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启
在浏览器中打开服务器ip地址,会看到下面的界面,说明nginx安装成功。
三、安装php
1、安装yasm
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.3.0
./configure
make
make install
2、安装libmcrypt
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make
make install
3、安装libvpx
cd /usr/local/src
tar xvf libvpx-v1.3.0.tar.bz2
cd libvpx-v1.3.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libvpx --enable-shared --enable-vp9
make
make install
4、安装tiff
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf tiff-4.0.6.tar.gz
cd tiff-4.0.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/tiff --enable-shared
make
make install
5、安装libpng
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libpng-1.6.25.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.6.25
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng --enable-shared
make
make install
6、安装freetype
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf freetype-2.7.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype --enable-shared
make
make install
7、安装jpeg
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf jpegsrc.v9b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-9b
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared
make
make install
8、安装libgd
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libgd-2.1.1.tar.gz #解压
cd libgd-2.1.1 #进入目录
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libgd --enable-shared --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-fontconfig=/usr/local/freetype --with-xpm=/usr/ --with-tiff=/usr/local/tiff --with-vpx=/usr/local/libvpx
make #编译
make install #安装
9、安装t1lib
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz
cd t1lib-5.1.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/t1lib --enable-shared
make without_doc
make install
10、安装php
注意:如果系统是64位,请执行以下两条命令,否则安装php会出错(32位系统不需要执行)
\cp -frp /usr/lib64/libltdl.so* /usr/lib/
\cp -frp /usr/lib64/libxpm.so* /usr/lib/
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zvxf php-5.5.38.tar.gz
cd php-5.5.38
export ld_library_path=/usr/local/libgd/lib
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-xpm-dir=/usr/ --with-vpx-dir=/usr/local/libvpx/ --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --with-t1lib=/usr/local/t1lib --with-iconv --enable-libxml --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-opcache --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl --enable-ctype
make #编译
make install #安装
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录
rm -rf /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带配置文件
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加软链接到 /etc目录
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.conf #添加软连接到 /etc目录
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/sbin/php #添加软连接到系统目录
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php #添加软连接到系统目录
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #编辑
user = www #设置php-fpm运行账号为www
group = www #设置php-fpm运行组为www
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号
:wq! #保存退出
设置 php-fpm开机启动
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.38/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷贝php-fpm到启动目录
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限
chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件
找到:disable_functions =
修改为:disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
#列出php可以禁用的函数,如果某些程序需要用到这个函数,可以删除,取消禁用。
找到:;date.timezone =
修改为:date.timezone = prc #设置时区
找到:expose_php = on
修改为:expose_php = off #禁止显示php版本的信息
找到:short_open_tag = off
修改为:short_open_tag = on #支持php短标签
找到opcache.enable=0
修改为opcache.enable=1 #php支持opcode缓存
找到:opcache.enable_cli=1 #php支持opcode缓存
修改为:opcache.enable_cli=0
在最后一行添加:zend_extension=opcache.so #开启opcode缓存功能
:wq! #保存退出
配置nginx支持php
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 配置文件,需做如下修改
user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改nginx运行组为www www;必须与/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同,否则php运行出错
index index.html index.htm index.php; #添加index.php
# pass the php scripts to fastcgi server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param script_filename $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#取消fastcgi server部分location的注释,注意fastcgi_param行的参数,改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用绝对路径
/etc/init.d/nginx restart #重启nginx
service php-fpm start #启动php-fpm
测试篇
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ #进入nginx默认网站根目录
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* #删除默认测试页
vi index.php #新建index.php文件
phpinfo();
?>
:wq! #保存退出
chown www /usr/local/nginx/html/ -r #设置目录所有者
chmod 700 /usr/local/nginx/html/ -r #设置目录权限
在浏览器中打开服务器ip地址
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