Oracle 11g 单机环境安装补丁实战

*** 11g 单机环境安装补丁实战

一、概述

数据库作为企业的核心应用节点之一，其稳定性至关重要，但是一些产品bug对***数据库的使用产生很大的影响，有些bug，我们通过调整参数来规避，但是一些bug需要打补丁才能解决。 作为DBA，掌握给数据库打补丁是一项必备的技能，本文分享一下在 *** 11g 数据库上应用 PSU 补丁的步骤。

二、过程步骤

1、安装OPATCH 实用程序

（1）从 *** 支持门户下载补丁

（2）验证补丁版本：

opatch 实用程序用于将补丁应用到数据库。所以在应用补丁之前，我们需要检查补丁是否支持现有的opatch版本。因此，请参阅补丁的自述文件以了解最低支持版本。

根据补丁自述文件：1.2.1 OPatch 实用程序 您必须使用 OPatch 实用程序版本 11.2.0.3.6 或更高版本才能应用此补丁。*** 建议您使用适用于 11.2 的最新发布的 OPatch 版本，该版本可通过选择 11.2.0.0.0 版本从 My *** Support 补丁 6880880 下载。 有关 OPatch 文档的信息，包括任何已知问题，请参阅 My *** Support Document 293369.1 OPatch 文档列表。

所以对于这个补丁，opatch版本应该是11.2.0.3.6或者更高版本

让我们检查数据库中现有的 opatch 版本。

echo $ORACLE_HOME/u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch versionOPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4OPatch succeeded.

现有版本为 11.2.0.3.4，低于要求的版本。所以我们需要安装所需的 opatch 实用程序。

（3）安装 OPATCH 实用程序

从 *** 支持链接下载 opatch 实用程序 – 6880880.

将 zip 复制到 ORACLE_HOME。

$ cp p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip $ORACLE_HOME/

对现有的 OPatch 目录进行备份

cd $ORACLE_HOMEmv OPatch OPatch.bak

解压缩 zip 文件。

unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

检查opatch版本

$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch versionOPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.19OPatch succeeded.

现在让我们继续 PSU 补丁安装。

2、安装 PSU 补丁

（1）复制并解压 PATCH ZIP 文件

unzip p27734982_112040_Linux-x86-64.zipls -ltrtotal 243220drwxr-xr-x 21 *** oinstall 4096 May 31 12:49 27734982-rw-rw-r-- 1 *** oinstall 93035 Jul 17 13:15 PatchSearch.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 *** oinstall 140724601 Oct 8 09:17 p27734982_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

（2）再次检查 ORACLE_HOME 是否有冲突

- go to patch folder.cd 27734982[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./*** Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, *** Corporation. All rights reserved.PREREQ session*** Home : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-35-06AM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.OPatch succeeded.

（3）关闭数据库和侦听器

shutdown immediate;lsnrctl stop LISTENER_DMCRM

注意– 如果任何 Goldengate 进程正在 ORACLE_HOME 上运行，那么这些进程都需要关闭。

（4）检查活动的可执行文件

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables -ph ./。

[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables -ph ./*** Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, *** Corporation. All rights reserved.PREREQ session*** Home : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-35-58AM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkactivefilesandexecutables"Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 17478514 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 18031668 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 18522509 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 19121551 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 19769489 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 20299013 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 20760982 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 21352635 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 21948347 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 22502456 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 23054359 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 24006111 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 24732075 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 25869727 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26609445 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26392168 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26925576 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 27338049 passed.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 27734982 passed.OPatch succeeded.

（5）应用补丁

cd 27734982 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ opatch apply。

修补完成。可以忽略警告。

（6）验证补丁是否已经更新

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory。

[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory*** Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, *** Corporation. All rights reserved.*** Home : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-41-09AM_1.logLsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/***/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2018-10-08_09-41-09AM.txt--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Machine Information::Hostname:ARU platform id: 226ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64Installed Top-level Products (1):*** Database 11g 11.2.0.4.0There are 1 products installed in this *** Home.Interim patches (1) :Patch 27734982 : applied on Mon Oct 08 09:39:20 AST 2018Unique Patch ID: 22229176Patch description: "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180717 (27734982)"Created on 31 May 2018, 01:37:49 hrs PST8PDTSub-patch 27338049; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180417 (27338049)"Sub-patch 26925576; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180116 (26925576)"Sub-patch 26392168; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.171017 (26392168)"Sub-patch 26609445; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170814 (26609445)"Sub-patch 25869727; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170718 (25869727)"Sub-patch 24732075; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170418 (24732075)"Sub-patch 24006111; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.161018 (24006111)"Sub-patch 23054359; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160719 (23054359)"Sub-patch 22502456; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160419 (22502456)"Sub-patch 21948347; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160119 (21948347)"Sub-patch 21352635; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (21352635)"Sub-patch 20760982; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.7 (20760982)"Sub-patch 20299013; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.6 (20299013)"Sub-patch 19769489; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.5 (19769489)"Sub-patch 19121551; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.4 (19121551)"Sub-patch 18522509; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.3 (18522509)"Sub-patch 18031668; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.2 (18031668)"Sub-patch 17478514; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.1 (17478514)"Bugs fixed:21174504, 17184721, 21538558, 16091637, 18092127, 17381384, 1597996520671094, 16731148, 16314254, 13837378, 18441944, 17835048, 1355855717008068, 17201159, 25427662, 17853498, 20717359, 17246576, 1835616618681862, 18440047, 20569094, 20031873, 16875449, 20387265, 1978884217296856, 21330264, 14010183, 17648596, 17551063, 17025461, 2471973617267114, 22507210, 17912217, 17889583, 18202441, 17040764, 1747814516524926, 25655390, 19358317, 22148226, 18747196, 26544823, 1864141917036973, 18948177, 17811789, 16542886, 14285317, 18009564, 166186948322815, 16832076, 18247991, 16692232, 22507234, 17570240, 1387109224624166, 24348685, 17848897, 17441661, 14034426, 17465741, 1659689017437634, 21343897, 20506706, 21453153, 18339044, 17951233, 2232174121795111, 18430495, 21787056, 22380919, 19469538, 20506715, 1781142919721304, 17903598, 18230522, 19554106, 19458377, 21281607, 176128286599380, 22092979, 22321756, 17040527, 17811438, 18641461, 1465774013364795, 21387964, 19490948, 17346671, 17588480, 22351572, 1823539026474853, 18849970, 17889549, 19309466, 16472716, 20596234, 1833185018641451, 17344412, 21179898, 19461270, 17546761, 24842886, 1452184918203835, 18203838, 18964939, 18203837, 17313525, 22195457, 1813969016837842, 22296366, 14106803, 17842825, 21352646, 22657942, 1636011220657441, 22195441, 17389192, 26198926, 14565184, 17205719, 1844009514764829, 22195448, 14354737, 13944971, 16571443, 21868720, 1718690517080436, 18673342, 22905130, 17027426, 27374796, 19972569, 1997256820144308, 19972566, 17282229, 19972564, 16870214, 21629064, 1961513621354456, 17390431, 18762750, 23007241, 16613964, 17957017, 1809820718471685, 19730508, 21538485, 18264060, 17323222, 17754782, 1760071918317531, 17852463, 17596908, 17655634, 16228604, 27053456, 2007439119972570, 18090142, 18996843, 19854503, 16042673, 17835627, 2033434417393683, 20861693, 18000422, 17551709, 26575788, 23315889, 2050669919006849, 18277454, 18456514, 19174430, 17258090, 17174582, 2565493617242746, 16399083, 17824637, 21132297, 22465352, 17762296, 2216816317397545, 16450169, 12364061, 20067212, 18856999, 19211724, 1946389319463897, 21343775, 17853456, 18673304, 20004021, 26030218, 2166862716194160, 17477958, 16538760, 12982566, 24570598, 20828947, 1825903120296213, 18293054, 17610798, 19699191, 23065323, 17311728, 1813567818774543, 23294548, 16785708, 10136473, 24560906, 22551446, 1977786217786518, 18315328, 18334586, 12747740, 18096714, 19032867, 2164176017390160, 18899974, 17232014, 20598042, 18673325, 16422541, 1815576214015842, 19827973, 22683225, 17726838, 18554871, 23177648, 1805155620803583, 21972320, 15990359, 17922254, 18282562, 16855292, 1666858421343838, 20299015, 17446237, 18093615, 18043064, 23713236, 1769420917288409, 18308268, 20475845, 17274537, 13955826, 16934803, 1763492117501491, 16315398, 23725036, 22683212, 17006183, 13829543, 1819116417655240, 26746894, 22809871, 18384391, 19393542, 21538567, 1619814321847223, 25823754, 17892268, 20142975, 19584068, 17165204, 2516549618604493, 21756699, 18508861, 16901385, 18554763, 21532755, 1818903617443671, 17385178, 14829250, 17936109, 20925795, 20509482, 1747851427441326, 16850630, 13951456, 16595641, 14054676, 15861775, 2114283716912439, 17299889, 17297939, 23003979, 18619917, 16833527, 1779895317816865, 18607546, 17571306, 21286665, 17341326, 26910644, 1785116020558005, 17586955, 19049453, 21051840, 17587063, 16956380, 1832850925423453, 14133975, 18061914, 18522509, 21051833, 20294666, 1876560220860659, 20324049, 18199537, 17332800, 13609098, 22502493, 1838453714338435, 17945983, 16392068, 21067387, 17752995, 21051862, 1686342225505382, 17237521, 18244962, 19544839, 24433711, 24717859, 1715614818973907, 23026585, 17877323, 17449815, 18180390, 17088068, 1703713020004087, 21422580, 19466309, 11733603, 25505371, 21051858, 1808462518674024, 21051852, 18091059, 25369547, 16306373, 18306996, 1778725918193833, 19915271, 20513399, 20631274, 25879656, 16344544, 1469276218614015, 17346091, 18228645, 17721717, 18436307, 21756677, 1988885311883252, 17891943, 19475971, 22353199, 16384983, 19121551, 2782589312816846, 17982555, 17761775, 22243719, 17265217, 25505394, 1707172116721594, 18262334, 21756661, 17891946, 15913355, 17672719, 1760226917239687, 17042658, 17238511, 17811456, 17284817, 17752121, 2087988921380789, 17394950, 17011832, 16579084, 22195465, 14602788, 1832546024476265, 26569225, 24476274, 12611721, 16903536, 17006570, 1968997916043574, 18783224, 24662775, 16494615, 21526048, 17392698, 1919717516069901, 17811447, 27870645, 17308789, 22195477, 24835538, 1786567117343514, 19013183, 17325413, 18316692, 16180763, 17348614, 1436899521983325, 17393915, 16285691, 19211433, 20331945, 17883081, 1770502324316947, 17614227, 19578350, 22195485, 14084247, 13645875, 1677784019727057, 14852021, 18744139, 18674047, 17716305, 19285025, 1848250227534509, 17622427, 19289642, 22195492, 25947799, 14458214, 2086972121172913, 17767676, 18723434, 25505407, 17786278, 19258504, 1708298321351877, 17365043, 13498382, 18331812, 16065166, 25489607, 1668541718031668, 22893153, 16943711, 19272701, 21517440, 25897615, 1764926513866822, 18094246, 24528741, 17783588, 14245531, 17082359, 1828081320448824, 23330119, 16268425, 19487147, 25600421, 18018515, 1730227717215560, 24411921, 19271443, 25764020, 17016369, 20777150, 2333012416756406, 20441797, 19769489, 28100487, 17545847, 25093656, 1826055013853126, 17227277, 23536835, 25957038, 24652769, 19207117, 975627118868646, 17614134, 26667023, 17546973, 18704244, 19680952, 2666701517050888, 18828868, 18273830, 17360606, 16992075, 24563422, 1737535412905058, 18362222, 21429602, 27086138, 17571039, 17468141, 1843664717235750, 21168487, 16220077, 16929165--------------------------------------------------------------------------------OPatch succeeded.

（7）启动数据库和***

STARTUPlsnrctl start LISTENER_DMCRM

（8）运行补丁后脚本

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/adminsqlplus / as sysdba@catbundle.sql psu applyquit

（9）编译无效对象

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

（10）检查补丁情况

select action_time,action from dba_registry_history;ACTION_TIME ACTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------21-APR-15 08.52.24.728992 AM APPLY08-OCT-18 09.43.41.923815 AM APPLY2 rows selected.

三、小结

本文分享了非RAC数据库的打补丁的详细过程，随手一记，以备不时之需。

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